Electromagnetic Waves

Before I go into any detail of the modulation of laser beams I think it is important to mention that you can obtain the full expression of an electromagnetic wave through just knowing how the electric field is behaving. The electric field is related to the magnetic field by

(1)   \begin{equation*} \vec{B}=\frac{1}{c}\hat{k}\times\vec{E} \end{equation*}

Where \hat{k} is the unit vector pointing in the direction of propagation.From this point on I will only talk about how the electric field is behaving.

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